Spikes And Stories

Scrum tips and agile insights from a Silicon Valley agile coach

Practical Experiments In An Agile World

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In my previous blog post, I wrote about data-driven experiments.  Unfortunately, it lacked any practical application, and today I want to do something about that.  But let’s get one thing straight first.  This isn’t my favorite topic.  Why?  It focuses so heavily on data and so little on humans.  When we get too wrapped up in data, we lose sight of the human dimension, and that’s bad.  Never lose sight of what matters.  That’s not you.  That’s not data.  It’s your teams.  Keep this in mind when you run data-driven experiments.

Before I show you some of my own experiments, let me explain the questions I ask myself when building one:

  1. What problem (or behavior) are we attempting to solve (or highlight)? This is the heart of your experiment.  Never lose sight of this.  We will, and when we do, immediately bring it back to center as often as necessary.
  2. What data can we collect that addresses the question above? Collect this data and no more.  The more data we collect, the more time it’ll take, and we risk muddying the focus.  We also risk inundating our teams with too much data so it’s imperative pare it down to the absolutely minimum.
  3. Who will we share this data with? Honesty in your data is important.  If the team feels that they will be judged by those in power, they may unconsciously game the system and manufacture the data we want or expect to see.
  4. How can we create simple view into my data? The simpler, the better. Consider the burn down chart.  With just a few simple data points, it can inspire a great conversation.  It’s these conversations that make for a powerful experiment.

Work In Progress (WIP) Experiment

Multi-tasking has a cost, and it’s often a cost that many teams overlook.  In fact, this was one of my top 10 tips in a previous blog post.  While I was a scrum master for three teams, I wanted to highlight how much work each team had open on every day of the sprint.  Once a day and at the same time, we recorded the percentage of stories in progress by each team and created the graph you see below.  Notice that I also included an “optimal” range.  This range isn’t based in any science.  It’s simply where my gut told me our teams should be.  Here’s what they looked like after the first sprint of the experiment.

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A Data-Driven Approach To Team Evolution

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It’s not often enough that I see teams experimenting.  Well, that’s not entirely true.  Most teams experiment by trying new techniques, by adjusting their process, or simply by trying something different. I’d call these anecdotal experiments, and they’re very valuable. However, it’s not these kinds of experiments that I want to talk about today.  I’m focused on quantifiable experiments.  Consider it a data-driven approach to analyzing team dynamics or individual behaviors.  For me, this was borne from my affinity for the burn down chart.  If used as intended, the burn down is simple, it’s useful, and it inspires a team to ask intelligent, focused questions.  If my experiments do the same, I’ve succeeded.

Before I begin, I have a confession.  I’ve rewritten this blog post several times now.  Each time, it gets away from me so I scrap what I wrote and begin again.  Why?  Simplicity.  I kept losing sight of it.  Because of this, I’ve adjusted my approach.  I intend to write this blog post in some rather broad strokes while my next will contain more context and examples of experiments I’ve run in my teams.

With my first broad stroke, let’s talk about some of the advantages of data-driven experiments:

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How Military Tactics Made Me a Better Scrum Master

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Influence.

It’s a powerful tool, and it’s a point of honor that a scrum master has no control, only influence, within a team.  I prefer it that way, and I hope you do too.  I recently reflected on how I conceptualize influence, and I realize that I operate in one of three contexts.  Before I share those contexts, a caveat.  Before my life as a scrum master, I was a Marine.  I served as an intelligence operative and martial arts instructor for 10 of the most formative and adventurous years of my life.  Even now, I still find myself using military language to explain my thoughts.  In my opinion, it makes for a more vivid metaphor.

Frontal assault.  When you know you won’t face much resistance, lay out your idea, explain what you’re looking to do, gain buy in, and execute.  No subtlety is involved, and it’s usually the quickest method to implement an idea.  However, use caution.  Never let bias for your idea convince you that others will love it.  If you conduct a frontal assault and find support is lacking, the losses can be substantial.

Rules of engagement:

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About To Disrupt Your Sprint? Think Again.

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In my last blog post, I wrote about why it is important to keep the sprint backlog static after leaving sprint planning.  Unfortunately, much of my previous blog involved a great deal of arm waving (or possibly flailing) as I hoped to highlight the problem of disrupting your sprint. What it didn’t offer up was concrete ways each of us can contribute to the solution, and that’s why I’m writing today. I’ve split this blog into sections in an effort to talk to each of an organizations’ roles separately.  I encourage you to read each section, and I hope you take the time to read your part in detail.  Additionally, in the “For Team Members” section, you’ll see a workflow that will take team members through the questions they should ask before pulling new work into the sprint. Although this workflow is specific to my own company, once modified, it could add value to yours.

Decision tree for pulling in sprint work

For Team Members

It should be your last resort to ask for more work to be added to the sprint.  Unfortunately, it’s often your first course of action when you’re idle. Inefficiency has its place on a team, if done smartly, so don’t fear it. Before you ask the Scrum Master or Product Owner to add another story, think through the following:

  1. Teams goals over individual tasks. Albeit inefficient, where can you help another team member complete his/her task? Pair up and work through it together.
  2. Finishing tasks over opening another. “Everything stinks till it’s finished.” -Dr. Seuss. This is especially true in software development. Be inefficient to get that last 10% done in a task before you move on to the next.
  3. Cross-functional teams over silos. Everybody has an area they’re best at, but where can you grow? Be inefficient for the sake of learning a new skill and potentially removing a future bottleneck. Take on a task outside your skill set and ask for the team’s help to learn something new.

Again, I can’t emphasize this enough. Before you ask for something to be added to the sprint, you should spend a good deal of energy into trying to help the team figure out how it can meet its current goals.

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